Australian Immigration Laws

Question: Talk about the Australian Immigration Laws. Answer: Presentation: I am an enlisted movement specialist in Australia who is thinking of you this application to waiver the condition 8503 appended on my customers guests visa. The name of the customer is Sukhon Chaiprasit who is a 25 years of age female Thailand resident and holds a guest visa Class FA, subclass 600 (vacationer stream) with condition 8503 appended to it. Her guest visa is going to terminate in two or three days, along these lines, my customer Sukhon Chaiprasit wishes to get the condition 8503 deferred on her guests visa for applying for a new considerable visa in Australia. Condition 8503 is forced on different transitory Australia visa and is alluded as a No further stay condition. On the off chance that condition 8503 is appended to a ones visa, it will implies that the said visa holder with the exception of a couple of exemptions, isn't permitted to apply for some other visa so as to broaden his stay in any way till he is available in Australia. The main visa in such cases which is lawfully allowed to be applied for is the security visa. Any visa holder with condition 8503 is permitted to apply for an insurance visa. The essential purpose behind acquainting the said condition was with guarantee the Department of Immigration and Citizenship (DIAC)that visa holders with the said condition will leave the Australian region before the expiry of their visa. The said affirmation likewise permitted the Department of Immigration and Citizenship (DIAC)to endorse more visas as the dread of people present in Australia without visa license was limited. In this wa y, condition 8503 on any visa limits the visa hanging on whose visa the condition is applies to apply for some other considerable visa aside from insurance visa while his stay in Australia. The visa holder whose visa has the said condition joined needs to leave the Australian land before the expiry of his visa and remaining for even a solitary day extra after expiry of the visa date is illicit and can make detainment of the visa holder withdraw him from Australia. On the off chance that, the visa holder whose visa has condition 8503 connected to it needs to leave the Australian land and return to his nation to apply for a new transitory or lasting visa to come back to Australia again for a more drawn out period. Along these lines, condition 8503 confines a visa holder from applying for any meaningful visa while his stay in Australia, anyway under subsection 41 (2) (an) of the Migration Act 1958 and Regulation 2.05 (4) of the Migration Regulation 1994 he said condition can be postpon ed by the Ministry of Immigration in Australia. To be qualified for the said waiver, the visa holder needs to conform to specific necessities referenced under the previously mentioned enactments. The Regulation 2.05 (4) of the Migration Regulation 1994 states the principal necessity for waiver of condition 8503 appended to Australian visa. It expresses that for deferring condition 8503, the visa holder is required to fulfill the Ministry of Immigration in Australia that a few conditions has changed since the visa was applied for and allowed which are outside the ability to control of the visa holder. Additionally, the visa holder having condition 8503 connected to his visa likewise needs to show that the Ministry has not precluded any earlier application from securing waiver. The sub segment 41 (2) (an) of the Migration Act 1958 gives the conditions where Ministry will acknowledge the waiver application and award the waiver. In this manner, the said area expresses that the visa holder so as to waiver condition 8503 joined to his visa needs to demonstrate that from the time the visa was conceded to him, conditions have radically changed with convincing reasons which are outsid e the ability to control of the visa holder which have brought about changed current circumstance of the visa holder. My customer Sukhon Chaiprasit has suitably conformed to subsection 41 (2) (an) of the Migration Act 1958 and Regulation 2.05 (4) of the Migration Regulation 1994 and meets the conditions which are required to concede her waiver of condition 8503 appended to her guests visa. The arrangements of convincing reasons in the said case are as per the following:- Sukhon Chaiprasit arrived at Australia holding a guests visa under sub class 600. While her remain, she was assaulted while her state in Melbourne after she was going back from supper. She brought about specific wounds during the said assault to which the specialists report expressed that Sukhon Chaiprasit ought to abstain from going for a time of a half year She was prompted o visit the Australian specialist twice in seven days for routine checks Her treatment was financed by the Crimes Compensation Tribunal Furthermore, she was the main observer against the assailant in the court procedures The above reasons are outside the ability to control and were not foreseen by my customer while applying for the guests visa. My customer was absolutely uninformed that such disaster would happen while her stay in Melbourne which will keep her from making a trip back to Thailand. In this way, as a movement operator, I accept my customer has met all the prerequisites important to be allowed a waiver of condition 8503 on her guests visa which can cause her to apply for a new Class UB Medical Treatment visa under subclass 602 without leaving the Australian land. I demand you to consider the strength of my customer resulting to the assault she looked in Melbourne and award her waiver of condition 8503 as she has legitimately consented to ll the molded required by the legal laws expressed in 41 (2) (an) of the Migration Act 1958 and Regulation 2.05 (4) of the Migration Regulation 1994. The convincing explanation in the said case being the assaulted she confronted which was absolutely surprising which made it incomprehensible for her to go back, hence, the convincing explanation likewise remains outside the ability to control of my customer. Making my customer head out back just to conform to condition 8503 and conflicting with the specialists report which recommends her to abstain from going for a half year can be harmful to the physical and psychological wellness of my customer. Along these lines, so as to apply for the Class UB Medical Treatment visa under subclass 602 on grounds of her evil wellbeing which is upheld by specialists report, i t is imperative to waiver condition 8503 connected on his customers guests visa. In this way, I demand the Ministry to utilize its prudence allowed to it by the Statute under segment 41 of the Migration Act 1958 to acknowledge the said composed use of waiver of condition 8503 on Sukhon Chaiprasits guests visa and award her the said waiver so as to cause her to apply for Class UB Medical Treatment visa under subclass 602. The said letter expressed that all the prerequisites to meet all requirements for a waiver of condition 8503 are met by my customer. My customer has not sent some other waiver application which was recently dismissed. Consequently, an award of waiver of condition 8503 will be valued. The specialists report and suggestions are connected to the application letter. Much obliged to you Yours Sincerely, Enrolled Migration Officer in Australia In the said case, Sukhon Chaiprasit visited another relocation operator who applied for a new guests visa, the said application was invalid. Sukhons guest visa had condition 8503 appended to it. Consequently, as indicated by Regulation 2.05 of the Migration Regulation 1994, the initial step to apply for any new meaningful visa is compose an application to the Ministry demand o forgo condition 8503 connected to guests visa. Segment 46 of the Migration Act 1958 states that each visa application stands invalid if the equivalent is made when the candidate is available in the movement zone and after he showed up in Australia; his visa has a condition connected to it which waiver is mentioned or declined by the Ministry subsequent to mentioning or the equivalent. Therefore, the new guests visa use of Sukhon Chaiprasit was invalid as she neglected to get condition 8503 connected on her past guests visa deferred. At the point when a visa holder in Australia holds connecting visa, implementation visa or criminal equity visa, segment 48 of the Migration Act 1958 denies the said visa holders to apply for some other visa. Hence, Sukhon Chaiprasit as a transient in Australia was dependent upon 48 of the Migration Act 1958 in light of the fact that she was equipped for introducing before the Immigration Ministry a legitimate case which shows convincing and sympathetic reasons which make her qualified for award of waiver on the condition 8503 appended on her guests visa so as to cause her to apply for another new meaningful visa base on the changed conditions which are past her control[9]. Each expert specialist organizations have a Code of Conduct which is to be trailed by each person in the said calling. In this manner, the enlisted movement operators in Australia additionally have a Code of Conduct which is available in Schedule 2 of the Migration Act 1958. The significant penetrate of set of principles submitted by the previous relocation official of Sukhon Chaiprasit was his inability to apply recorded as a hard copy for a waiver of condition 8503 joined on her guests visa before making a new use of any considerable visa[10]. This activity shows that the previous relocation specialist of Sukhon Chaiprasit had helpless information on settlements laws in Australia and damaged area 2.1 of the Code of Conduct for enrolled movement operator which expresses that each movement specialist should act adhering to the migration law and with industriousness to serve the wellbeing of his customers. The movement operator likewise penetrated area 2.5 of the Code of Conduct which expressed that a relocation specialist in Australia is required to be refreshed and keep his insight clear about the different relocation laws in Australia including its alterations. Hence, the previous relocation official of Sukhon penetrated the said area by apply for guests visa where Medical Treatment visa under subclass 602 would be increasingly suitable after award of waiver of condition 8503. In addition, a movement official is constantly required to be straightforward with his customer about the chance of accomplishment of their

United States Postal Service Essay Example

US Postal Service Essay The U. S. Postal Service It is significant for the U. S. Postal Service to have a high volume of mail to process so as to follow the statement of purpose. An association strategic its explanation behind presence and is communicated in the statement of purpose (Stevenson 42). Strategic the Postal Service: The Postal Service will have as its essential capacity the commitment to offer postal types of assistance to tie the Nation together through the individual, instructive, abstract, and business correspondence of the individuals. It will give immediate, dependable, and effective administrations to benefactors in all zones and will render postal administrations to all networks (USPS 1998). For the Postal Service to â€Å"bind the Nation together†¦Ã¢â‚¬  they would require a high volume of mail from the nation over to process on a day by day fundamental. The more mail implies an increasingly fruitful business. Efficiency improved at the Postal Service because of the expanded utilization of computerization and presentation and later development of postal districts. The innovative headways took into consideration postal rates to stay low and keep up fast conveyance. Innovation isn't sufficient for profitability to increment. We will compose a custom paper test on United States Postal Service explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom paper test on United States Postal Service explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom article test on United States Postal Service explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer There should be legitimate arranging or probably innovation can diminish efficiency (Stevenson 58). Rivalry from conveyance organizations, for example, FedEx and UPS put focus on the United States Postal Service to build efficiency to keep rates low and keep up quick conveyance. Activities Management makes point that estimating is imperative to customers in the determination procedure and that there is an exchange off among cost and quality (Stevenson 40). Having lower costs and additionally fast conveyance will decide if somebody will decide to mail their bundle with the Postal Service or the opposition. The United States Postal Service found a way to stay serious, first beginning with client care. The Postal Service started attempting to all the more likely distinguish their customer’s needs; this included including client support directors, growing retail hours, and estimating consumer loyalty. The content clarifies that â€Å"Identifying customer needs as well as necessities is a fundamental contribution to an organization’s dynamic process† (Stevenson 40). The Postal Service likewise experienced a rearrangement where the board positions were disposed of and divisions were united to diminish overhead. These measures all lead to expanded creation and speedier conveyance to stay serious. The consequences of the Postal Service’s changes were exceptionally effective. The diminished administration and overhead lead to improved help, consumer loyalty and decreased the need to build postage rates. The rearrangement wiped out certain projects, cut cost, pulled in new business, and diminished the Postal Service’s anticipated shortage. The Postal Service utilized a quality-based procedure to achieve these objectives. They concentrated on improving the nature of its association, as quality is keeps up and draws in new clients (Stevenson 50). The expanded utilization of email inversy affects the Postal Service’s creation. The more mail that is sent electronically implies less mail is being handled by the Postal Service. The less mail being prepared equivalents diminished profitability (Stevenson 53).

Penicillin essays

Penicillin papers Penicillin: The Bacterial Cell Killer Prior to the disclosure of penicillin, microscopic organisms caused infections negatively affected the total populace. During the 1800s there were just restricted thoughts regarding how infections were created in the human body. Two men, Pasteur and Koch, had plainly indicated the association among ailment and microorganisms, yet very few individuals had faith in the work they were doing. (Earthy colored, 1996, P.1). Around the late 1850s, a couple of individuals were starting to pay attention to the possibility that ailments were brought about by inconspicuous things. A twenty-one year old clinical understudy in France made an opportunity revelation that a substance created by a form could evidently eliminate microscopic organisms. This clinical understudy was Ernest Duchesne. This work was for the most part disregarded, and in the end overlooked. (Earthy colored, 1996, P.1). In 1928 penicillin was incidentally found by Dr. Alexander Flemming at St. Marys Hospital in London. Dr. Flemming had been attempting to discover approaches to eliminate microscopic organisms in contaminated injuries. When Flemming came back from an excursion, he found that he had left the cover off one of his Petri dishes. He saw that a growth was developing on his dish. Rather than discarding it, he inspected it first. While inspecting the organism he notice that there was a zone around it that was totally without microbes. He contemplated that this developing organism must deliver something that was slaughtering the microscopic organisms. Flemming distinguished the organism as Penicillium notatum. He named the material that slaughtered the microscopic organisms penicillin. Subsequent to looking into it he found that despite the fact that it killed a wide range of sorts of microscopic organisms, it was truly precarious and now and then didnt work. It was not until the subsequent Wo rld War (1939-1945) that two British researcher, Florey and Chain, figured out how to decontaminate the recipe. (Earthy colored, 1996; Wong, 1998) Despite the fact that the endeavors and assets of numerous individuals were utilized to attempt to create enormous amounts of penicillin, it so... <!

Elective Cosmetic Surgery Body Image And Ethics - Free Essay Example

Abstract The demand for and acceptance of cosmetic surgery has been steadily increasing over the past few decades. The ability to electively change ones appearance through surgery has always been a controversial idea. Proponents of cosmetic surgery argue that altering ones appearance to change a flawed feature will have a positive effect on ones self-perception and, therefore, improve overall wellbeing. However, others contend that surgical interventions do not promote lifestyle changes and do not have long-term effects on ones self-perception. Additionally, this debate over the effects of cosmetic surgery has provoked a discussion regarding the ethics of cosmetic surgery.   This paper offers a review of the current literature concerning cosmetic surgery and its effects on womens body image in an attempt to draw conclusions about the personal and social implications of cosmetic surgery followed by a review of bioethics and a discussion of the ethical implications of elective cosmetic surgery. Cosmetic Surgery Over Time and Today As reported by the American Society of Plastic Surgeons, in 2017 there were 17.5 million surgical and minimally invasive cosmetic procedures performed in the US, a nearly 200% increase since 2000 (ASPS, 2018). In 2017 in the United States 92% of people who underwent cosmetic procedures were women (ASPS, 2018). This is consistent with the idea that women are under a greater societal pressure to attain ideals of beauty and thinness. Given that the vast majority of patients who undergo elective cosmetic procedures are women, this paper will focus on the female perspective in an attempt to explain the stark increase in cosmetic procedures performed in the past few decades. It was estimated by the American Society of Plastic Surgeons that Americans spent more than $16 billion on cosmetic surgeries in 2016 (ASPS, 2018).   Of the 1.8 million cosmetic surgical procedures performed in the United States in 2017, the most common were: breast augmentation, liposuction, nose reshaping, eyelid surgery, and tummy tuck (ASPS, 2018). Of the 15.7 million cosmetic minimally invasive procedures performed, the top five were: botulinum toxin type A, soft tissue fillers, chemical peel, laser hair removal, and microdermabrasion (ASPS, 2018). These procedures allow women to move closer towards the current American societal standard of beauty. This ideal is a thin woman with a small waist, large breasts, and soft feminine facial features. Possible Causes for this Sudden Increase in Elective Cosmetic Surgery There are multiple theories as to why there has been such an increase in cosmetic surgery throughout the past few decades. Recent medical advances have made subtle, minimally invasive procedures possible and developments in the medical field have made these procedures much safer and more accurate. The increased internalization of sociocultural beauty ideas due to an increased exposure to media may be linked to this amplified drive to achieve and maintain a certain physical appearance. Cosmetic surgery has become more popularized reality television series transform the appearance of ordinary people, celebrities often speak of the cosmetic procedures they have undergone, or magazines expose those who have been under the knife. For example, television shows such as Keeping Up with the Kardashians or Extreme Makeover normalize the idea of undergoing cosmetic procedures by portraying them as typical and casual. These television series instill in the audience the need to pursue unrealistic beauty standards propagated by the general media today. Moreover, the increased use of social media has also been linked to a greater drive for cosmetic enhancement. According to the American Academy of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, 42% of facial plastic surgeons have seen patients who request surgery in an attempt to improve their image on social media (10). Additionally, in 2017, 55% of surgeons saw patients whose main motivation for undergoing surgery was to look better in selfies (11). This increase in awareness of cosmetic procedures has led to greater public acceptance.   According to an online survey conducted by Harris Interactive, about 69% of adults say they would choose to under elective cosmetic surgery if not for financial restraints (ASPS, 2010). Additionally, marketing materials which promote lunchtime procedures promote a carefree outlook in regard to these elective procedures.   Furthermore, the nature of cosmetic surgery has shifted from reconstruction to self-improvement. Elliot proposes that there have been two major movements in modern American healthcare: a greater focus on improving the quality of life of healthy individuals and a major shift in the perception of healthcare from a basic human right to a market commodity (Elliot, 2005). According to Elliot, the ability to alter physical appearance through cosmetic procedures has morphed into another facet by which individuals measure their success through purchasing power (Elliot, 2005). Who Undergoes Elective Cosmetic Surgery and Why? Women choose to undergo cosmetic surgery for a variety of reasons; however, there are psychosocial and other factors which make certain women more likely to seek out these procedures. A 2006 survey of Norwegian women (22 to 55 years old) investigated which psychological variables are involved in possible relationship between body image and cosmetic surgery (von Soest, Kvalem, Skolleborg, Roald, n.d., p. 52). Specifically, the researchers studied how self-esteem, teasing history, social acceptance of cosmetic surgery, and self-monitoring relate to a womans motivation to undergo cosmetic surgery (von Soest, Kvalem, Skolleborg, Roald, n.d.). Results and analysis indicate that all factors, except for self-esteem, were correlated with willingness and desire to undergo surgery (von Soest et al., n.d., p. 56).  Ã‚   Body image and acceptance of cosmetic surgery in an individuals environment were shown to be the strongest predictors of cosmetic surgery motivation (von Soest et al., n.d., p. 60). That is, those with lower body image and more acceptance of the idea of cosmetic surgery are more likely to wish to undergo surgery (von Soest et al., n.d.). Additionally, a survey study conducted in 2016 in Iran explored the differences in body image dissatisfaction and psychological symptoms among groups of women who had undergone invasive aesthetic surgery, minimally invasive surgery, and a control group who had not undergone any elective cosmetic procedures (Yazdandoost, Hayatbini, Farid, Gharaee Latifi, 2016, p. 148). The findings of this study indicate that body image dissatisfaction was highest in the invasive aesthetic surgery group and lowest in the control group (Yazdandoost, 2016, p. 151). Moreover, the invasive aesthetic surgery group displayed more appearance dissatisfaction and higher interaction of appearance and social function than the other two groups (Yazdandoost, 2016). This conclusion is consistent with previous findings and is particularly interesting in that it may relate to the idea that some people diagnosed with the most severe type of body image disturbance would cope with these problems by seeking elective aes thetic surgery (Yazdandoost, 2016, p. 151). Generally, body image dissatisfaction is believed to be a primary motivation for cosmetic surgery (Cash Smolak, 2012, p. 396). A variety of studies have concluded that cosmetic surgery patients tend to report higher body image dissatisfaction, compared to control groups (Cash Smolak, 2012, p. 396). Interestingly, however, many patients report targeted dissatisfaction with the feature they chose to be cosmetically altered rather than overall appearance dissatisfaction. Furthermore, it has been shown that a subset (about 5-15%) of patients who undergo cosmetic surgery suffer from body dysmorphic disorder (Cash Smolak, 2012, p. 396). These individuals often undergo cosmetic surgery to improve what they believe to be flaws in their appearance in an attempt to increase their self-esteem or body image satisfaction. Unfortunately, however, these efforts are often in vain as most patients with body dysmorphic disorder report either no change or worsening of their symptoms post operatively (Cash Smolak, 2012, p. 396). Some patients manifest this disappointment by threatening to sue or physically harm the treatment providers (Cash Smolak, 2012, p. 396).   This is just one example of why medical professionals must take proper precautions pre-operatively to ensure the mental health and realistic expectations of the patient. Regrettably, many medical professionals continue to operate on those with body dysmorphic disorder or critically low body image satisfaction as these patients may also prove to be the most lucrative for the providers practice. The overwhelming desire of these patients to reach an aesthetic ideal propagated by the media may inspire them to continue undergoing elective cosmetic procedures in a futile attempt to reach an unattainable standard of beauty. For this reason, it is imperative that medical professionals uphold an ethical medical standard by which they may lose immediate income; however, they must consider the patients wellbeing above all else and if a patient is not psychologically fit enough to undergo an elective cosmetic procedure, providers must be willing and able to deny that treatment to that individual and recommend possible psychological rather than physical interventions. Bioethics of Elective Surgery As the demand for aesthetic surgery rises, abuses of ethical principles in surgery are also increasingly notable. In 1979 the Principles of Biomedical Ethics was published and presented four basic principles that have since been adopted as the ethical basis for contemporary medical practice (Mousavi, 2010). The principles were defined as: respect for autonomy, beneficence, non-maleficence and justice (Mousavi, 2010). Originally, these pillars were used to guide medical professionals in treating individuals suffering from illnesses. As modern culture continues to strive towards an ageless beauty ideal and the cosmetic procedures performed increase annually, it is imperative to reanalyze these concepts through a modern lens. Respect for Patient Autonomy Adult patients have the right to choose whether to undergo a procedure, and the patients wishes should be respected, given they have all the relevant information (Mousavi 2010). This principle is particularly important in the case of elective aesthetic surgery because the patient is not suffering from any actively harming illness and the operation, itself, may have negative long-term effects on the body (Mousavi 2010). That is, the patient is choosing to endure the risk of surgery to fix a perceived problem with which one could very well continue to live. This principle may present a dichotomy with the non- maleficence principle (discussed below), and in such cases, medical practitioners should respect the patients decision while ensuring that the patients expectations are realistic and that the patient is aware of all risks involved with the procedure (Mousavi 2010). Beneficence This principle encompasses the general idea that medical providers must act in the best interest of the patient; however, defining a patients best interest may prove complicated (Mousavi 2010). Given the case of aesthetic surgery, it is possible that the operation would improve the patients body image and overall outlook, making the patient more content and socially confident (Mousavi 2010). Contrastingly, as mentioned above, patients who present with body dysmorphic disorder would not benefit psychologically from major elective cosmetic interventions as these patients will likely never be satisfied with their appearance (Mousavi 2010). As mentioned above, patients who present with this psychiatric syndrome may benefit more from psychiatric treatment than from physically altering their appearance. Non-Maleficence The non-maleficence principle states that a medical provider should never act against the best interest of the patient or in a way that may cause harm to the patient (Mousavi 2010). That is, professionals should decline to treat patients if they have reason to believe that the patient would not benefit from this elective procedure (Mousavi 2010). To continue with the above example, a provider should choose not to perform any major aesthetic operations or procedures on a patient with body dysmorphic disorder as this would not be in the patients best interest. Additionally, surgeons should be cautious when operating on patients with unrealistic expectations as to the results of the surgery as the risk of surgery may outweigh the benefits. It is important to note that these judgements are made on an individual, case-by-case basis. This principle also prohibits medical professionals from performing a procedure simply for their personal monetary gain (Mousavi 2010). All surgeons should ho ld their duty to care for patients as the first and foremost principle of their practice. Justice The justice principle requires doctors and medical professionals to ensure that medical care is accessible to all (Mousavi 2010). Though this principle is difficult to apply perfectly in practice, it is necessary to acknowledge that access to healthcare is regarded as a basic human right. It is worth noting that in the private sector, those who can afford the treatment are treated while those who cannot must look elsewhere (Mousavi 2010). Social Considerations Though this is not a principle of bioethics, it is interesting and valuable to consider the social implications of this growing field of medicine. Given the increased focus on body image in this modern consumer society in which people are constantly inundated with images and ideas from the media regarding how one should look, it is important to reflect on the possible effects of an increasing plastic or aesthetically fixed population (Mousavi 2010). As mentioned above, the people who undergo cosmetic surgery are disproportionately of a higher socioeconomic status, simply because this is the cohort which can afford to undergo these elective procedures (Mousavi 2010). This prompts the question of whether these procedures are creating a physical divide in the population today between the average person and one who has had the ability to choose to reconstruct their body and aesthetic features in an attempt to attain the ideal beauty standard of today (Mousavi 2010). Further questions to regarding bioethics Though there are no definitive answers to these questions, it is a valuable exercise to consider these implications when thinking about elective cosmetic surgery. Due to limitations in space and my expertise, only some of the questions posed below will be briefly discussed: How should professional societies regulate the evolving field of genetic aesthetic enhancement? What, if any, differences exist between eugenics and genetic aesthetic enhancement? (Donohoe, 2006) What roles do culture and the media play in individual and public perceptions of beauty and the desire for cosmetic surgery? Should the medias role in promoting cosmetic surgery be mitigated in any way? Given that increased exposure to media is linked to heightened body dissatisfaction, it is in the best interest of parents and caregivers to monitor their childrens use of social media in an attempt to safeguard their children from these negative effects. Are medical professionals obligated to provide psychological recommendations to patients? In my opinion, I believe medical professionals are obligated to provide psychological recommendations to patients in concordance with the beneficence and non-maleficence principles described above. If it is in the best interest of the patient to meet with a psychological counselor, then it is the duty of the medical professional to act in the patients best interest and suggest this to them. Is aging defined as a physical and/or mental illness? If so, is the substitution of happiness for health an appropriate goal for cosmetic enhancement? Does this enhancement constitute medical treatment? Or is cosmetic surgery simply a business service provided to those who desire it, can pay for it, and are willing to accept the risks involved? (Donohoe, 2006) What are the appropriate actions of health professionals, lawyers, teachers, ethicists and governments in responding to ideals of beauty and body weight, and to unhealthy behaviors and unsafe and/or unethical cosmetic surgical practices? (Donohoe, 2006) References American Society of Plastic Surgeons (ASPS). (2018, March 01). New Statistics Reveal the Shape of Plastic Surgery. American Society of Plastic Surgeons. Retrieved from https://www.plasticsurgery.org/news/press-releases/new-statistics-reveal-the-shape-of-plastic-surgery. von Soest, T., Kvalem, I., Skolleborg, K., Roald, H. (n.d.). Psychosocial factors predicting the motivation to undergo cosmetic surgery. Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery: Journal of the American Society of Plastic Surgeons., 117(1), 51â€Å"62. Retrieved from https://proxy.library.upenn.edu:2092/sp-3.31.1b/ovidweb.cgi?WebLinkFrameset=1S=AJBOFPNLFODDEDIDNCEKPDGCANLIAA00returnUrl=ovidweb.cgi%3f%26Full%2bText%3dL%257cS.sh.41.42%257c0%257c00006534-200601000-00009%26S%3dAJBOFPNLFODDEDIDNCEKPDGCANLIAA00directlink=https%3a%2f%2fovidsp.tx.ovid.com%2fovftpdfs%2fFPDDNCGCPDIDFO00%2ffs047%2fovft%2flive%2fgv024%2f00006534%2f00006534-200601000-00009.pdffilename=Psychosocial+Factors+Predicting+the+Motivation+to+Undergo+Cosmetic+Surgery.pdf_key=FPDDNCGCPDIDFO00pdf_index=/fs047/ovft/live/gv024/00006534/00006534-200601000-00009 Elliott, C. (2005). Medicine Goes to the Mall: Enhancement Technologies and Quality of Life. Virtual Mentor, 7(2). doi: 10.1001/virtualmentor.2005.7.2.msoc1-0502. Retrieved from https://www.ama-assn.org/ama/pub/category/14570.html Yazdandoost, R. Y., Hayatbini, N., Farid, A. A. A., Gharaee, B., Latifi, N. A. (2016). The Body Image Dissatisfaction and Psychological Symptoms among Invasive and Minimally Invasive Aesthetic Surgery Patients. World journal of plastic surgery, 5(2), 148-153. Retrieved from https://proxy.library.upenn.edu:2065/pmc/articles/PMC5003950/pdf/wjps-5-148.pdf Cash, T. and Smolak, L. (2012). Body image. New York, N.Y.: Guilford Press. Mousavi S. R. (2010). The Ethics of Aesthetic Surgery. Journal of cutaneous and aesthetic surgery, 3(1), [online]. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2890136/ Donohoe, M. (2006). Womens Health in Context: Cosmetic Surgery Past, Present, and Future: Scope, Ethics, and Policy. Medscape Ob/Gyn., 11(2), [online]. Retrieved from https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/542448_print American Society of Plastic Surgeons (ASPS). (2010). New Survey Shows Interest in Cosmetic Surgery is Up Body Contouring and Antiaging Procedures Top the List American Society of Plastic Surgeons. Retrieved from https://www.plasticsurgery.org/news/press-releases/new-survey-shows-interest-in-cosmetic-surgery-is-up https://www.aafprs.org/media/press-release/20170616.html https://www.aafprs.org/media/stats_polls/m_stats.html

Achyut Kanvinde - 1389 Words

â€Å"The role which the schools have to play is to expose students to various situations and train them to cultivate and appreciate values so that they can experience and sharpen their senses through observation and practice† - Kanvinde ACHYUT KANVINDE Father of Modern Indian Architecture Achyut Kanvinde | Born: 1916 Died: 2003 Gender: Male Country of Origin: India Biography: He entered the Architecture Department at Sir J.J. School of Art in 1935 then headed by Claude Batley, who was also the premier architect of the country. He passed out in 1941. 1943, he joined the newly formed Council for Scientific and Industrial Research as architect. Achyut Kanvinde attended Harvard Graduate school of Design in 1945. In ‘47†¦show more content†¦Kanvinde gave full rein to his innate creativity in such a charged environment†. Though there is thus a clear agreement about his early works, there is no accepted view on whether his later works were an evolution of the Modern view or a new approach. We believe that although he questioned the basic values of modernism early on, his major work speaks of his adaptation of the modernist/ brutalist style. Style: By the end of 1960s Kanvinde’s expressive architecture was variously interpreted as an architectural expression that reflected the culture and aspirations and clearly reflected the rise of the Brutalist polemic of architecture. Expressed Concrete structure in combination with brick became the dynamic determinant of form and order. Here the paradox is that what (Brutalism) in the West was popular for the dynamism and the aesthetic of vigour, in neo-Gandhian India of 1970s is regarded a realistic and expressive product of India. In retrospect, that style shows a remarkable similarity with the brute morphology of vernacular architecture in parts of India. HARIVALLABHDAS HOUSE: * Site Location- Ahemdabad. * Site Area- 1200m2 * Materials Used: RCC frame, brick and grit finish. Distinct living modules are arranged under a sweeping parasol and sensitively sited in a garden setting. We can clearly

Rorty 1984 Truth - 1398 Words

Rorty’s interpretation of the underlying messages of Nineteen Eighty-Four is, to a large extent, consistent with his views on truth and objectivity. â€Å"It does not matter whether two plus two is four is true, much less whether this truth is subjective or corresponds to external reality† (CIS, 176). What Rorty means by this is that it does not matter what one’s beliefs are, or whether those beliefs are true or not†¦ What defines a free society is that people are able to voice their beliefs and opinions without being scared about any repercussions. Winston wrote, â€Å"Freedom is the freedom to say that two plus two make four. If that is granted, all else follows† (1984, 69). It can be†¦show more content†¦He says â€Å"What was terrifying was not that they would kill you for thinking otherwise, but that they might be right†. For, after all, how do we know that two and two make four?†¦ If both the past and the external world exi st only in the mind, and if the mind itself is controllable- what then† (1984, 84)? The concept of physical pain is given a lot of importance in 1984. Winston thinks, â€Å"nothing in the world is as bad as physical pain† (1984, 251). It is due to immense physical pain that his process of re-educating himself begins. After being tortured in the dreaded Room 101, Winston set about educating himself in the way the Party wanted. He wrote the Party slogans on the slate they provided him and made himself believe them. He convinced himself that two and two was five; he acquired, laboriously the stupidity required to do that. â€Å"It is not easy to become sane† (1984,263). â€Å"He wondered, as he had many times wondered before, whether he himself was a lunatic. Perhaps a lunatic was simply a minority of one. But the thought of being a lunatic did not greatly trouble him: the horror was that he might also be wrong† (1984, ch 7). Initially, when Conant says that one of Rorty’s doctrines is that â€Å"solidarity should replace objectivity† (Conant, 87), what this seems to imply is that one’s beliefs should be in accordance with that of one’s peers instead of blindly believingShow MoreRelatedThe Perfect Utopia Will Never Be A Reality906 Words   |  4 Pageswarn us about something else we need to fix about today’s society. Thank you so much Atwood, Huxley, Frankl, Wilson, and Freud for your views and have a safe trip back to wherever you might be going. Welcome Foucault, Orwell, Andreas, Burgess, and Rorty. I have noticed that all of your book contain common themes. Some of those themes include forms of discipline and punishment, control of power, and war. That being said who wants to start of the discussion? Foucault: I guess I will start. 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Corporate Governance Activities

Question: Describe about the national gas company of trinidad and tobago limited? Answer: Executive Summary The goal which is common to many organizations is having the most effective framework of corporate governance in the company. To safeguard the integrity in a corporate reporting it is essential that a listed company should have a rigorous and a formal process that will independently safeguard and verify the integrity of the reporting of the corporate activities. The report is a brief discussion of the corporate governance of the company NGC (The National Gas Company of Trinidad and Tobago Limited) which is in the business of extraction of natural gas. The company seeks to provide the people of the company as well as the people of the community to upgrade their living standards. The company maintains the rules and regulations of the government as well as the policies of the company in order to run their business properly. They aim to safeguard their governance by maintaining the standards of the society and the environment. Introduction What is corporate governance? Corporate governance is the framework of the rules, system, relationship as well as processes within the organization. It is by this that the company exercises control within the company. It is also a guiding mechanism, by which the company and the persons in control of the company are held responsible for the wrong conduct or for misconducting the rules of the company. It is also seen that good corporate governance can promote the investors to have confidence to invest in the business (Corporate Governance Principles and Recommendations, 2015). The governance attributes of the organization are influenced by various factors which are internal as well external to the company. The internal factors are organizational policies, constitution of the organization, and the external factors are the community expectations, laws, rules and regulations of the country of the area in which the company is operating. The goal which is common to many organizations is having the most effective framework of corporate governance in the company. This is done to ensure that the meet the individual needs and circumstances of the company (Energy Chamber of Trinidad and Tobago, 2013). These factors will ultimately enhance the performance of the company as well as helps in conforming to the various requirements of the company. The following guidelines should be followed in order to maintain good corporate governance To lay a solid foundation for the management- a listed company should disclose and establish the rules and regulations, roles and responsibilities of the board members and the management as well as the way the performance is evaluated and monitored. To act responsibly and ethically- a listed company should act legally, responsibly and ethically so that they do not hamper the morale of the people (Corporate Governance Principles and Recommendations with 2010 Amendments, 2015). To recognize and manage the risk- a listed company should try to combat the risks associated with the business after recognizing the risk. This is done on a regular basis so as to increase the effectiveness of the business. The security holders rights are to be respect- a listed company should show respect to the rights and privileges of the security holders. They should be provided adequate information as well as facilities so that they could exercise the rights properly. To safeguard the integrity in a corporate reporting- a listed company should have a rigorous and a formal process that will independently safeguard and verify the integrity of the reporting of the corporate activities. The board should be structured so as to add value- a listed company must have a board which is appropriate in composition, skills, size and commitment so as to enable the company carry out it s activities effectively. The company NGC (The National Gas Company of Trinidad and Tobago Limited) The company NGC is a very important player in the development of the natural gas industry of the country. The company was established in August of 1975 (Company Profile, 2015). The company has become an investment company which has an asset of over US $ 7 billion. It is one of the largest companies of the Caribbean as well as the Latin American part if measured by its assets. The company was consistently profitable from the time of its inception, and has significantly contributed to the dividends and taxes to the states treasury. The financial strength of the company is the source of the strength of the company (BNamericas, 2015). The company even funds the international and local money markets. Due to these activities the company is a premiere location for the investments by the businesses who are interested in the oil and gas industry. What the company does The company has established a strategic position both upstream as well as downstream. The upstream relation is with the producers of the natural gas and the downstream relation is with the consumers of the gas. In 2013, the company has made a commendable advancement the downstream sector (Company Profile, 2015). The company has acquired an additional 39% percent share of Phoenix Park Gas Processors Limited (PPGPL). The acquisition of the company made the equity interest of the company to 90%. Governance protocols and practices The Board of Directors The Government of Trinidad and Tobago has appointed the following people to be the Board of Directors of NGC (Board of Directors, 2015): Roop Chan Chadeesingh---- Chairman Gordon Ramjattan ----Deputy Chairman Haseena Ali---- Director Mulchan Lewis ---- Director Khalid Hassanali ---- Director Utam Maharaj---- Director Orville Moore ---- Director Clyde Ramkhalawan---- Director The executive management of the company consists of the following people: Indar Maharaj ---- NGCs President. Olave Maria Thorne ---- NGCs VP, (Legal and Corporate) Tickaram Roopchandsingh ---- Vice President, (Gas Transmission and Distribution) Anand Ragbir ---- Vice President, (Finance and Information Management Group) Patrick Bynoe ----Vice President, (Technical Services (Ag.)) Corporate social investment -- CSI It is defined as a voluntary activity which is beyond the legal and commercial activities of the business. It contributes to the environmental, economic and social activities of the community in which the company operates (NGC, 2015). The company tries to improve the quality of life of the people as also the underserved people of the community. The CSI initiatives of the company include a wide range of activities including development of the infrastructure of the company so as to provide training programmes to the people of the society. The company aims to provide economic development to the society as well as development of the youth of the area through sports and arts. The CSI activities of the company are guided by three activities which include the civic life, empowerment and sports development of the area. High Ethical Standards of the company The company prides itself in possessing an ethical culture, which is strong. They continuously strives itself in providing a world class functioning of the business. The company has achieved all these by its ethical and the professional behaviours in their business practices. The company has written guidelines as well as company standards on various ethical issues, like for example, the Transparency and fair trading procurement, gifts, substance abuse etc. The company continuously renews the business processes so as to improve the transparency, accountability and the integrity of the business. The ethical framework of the company is kept alive by its commitment to the core values of the business through the revised policies, strategic plans and the guidelines (Beauchamp Bowie, 1993). Fair trading and transparency in the business The company has several tender rules to administer the functioning of the business. These rules try to maintain the confidentiality of the information of the business. These rules aim to ensure a fair treatment of all the people who seeks to supply the company with services and goods. The strong leadership of the company and the knowledgeable, independent and strong internal audit staff; tenders the procedures and rules to meet the standards internationally (Bessembinder, Maxwell Venkataraman, n.d.). Conflict of interest This crisis appears when the employees of the company are in a position to due to the type of responsibilities of the job to enhance the financial interest of a person. This happens when the person holds a financial or investment interest with any customer, competitor, or customer of the company (NGC, 2015). The employees needs to see that if their interest clashes with the interest of the company then, they must remove themselves from such indirect or direct involvement with the matter. Threat to the employees The company sees that the unsuitable use as well as the abuse of the psychoactive drugs can seriously hamper the performance of the employees (NGC, 2015). It can also cause risks and liability which are unacceptable. It also lowers the confidence of the stakeholders of the business. Thus the company strictly follows a zero tolerance policies if any illegal usage of the prohibited materials occurs. The company even prevents all these by educating the employees and the people, detects and tests the methods of operation, they try rehabilitation of the people as well as corrective and disciplinary actions are taken. Gifts The company strictly debars the employees from receiving or accepting any gifts or personal favors and even preferences which will influence the decisions regarding the business. The company debars any such activities if it is found that it is favoring the interest of any person with whom the company has a business association. The employees can acknowledge the gifts and the benefits if it is a social customary or obligation. The gift needs to be reasonable, low cost in nature which cannot exceed $2000 from a particular source. Criticism of the company a breach of the policy of the company According to a press release- It was found in one of the inspections on maintenance that an underground leak was detected in the underground pipes a 56 inch cross in land pipeline of the company which was used for the transportation of the natural gases from TGU and Atlantic. The company is in the process of taking out the pipeline and repairs its pipelines. The company claims that the leakage will pose no serious danger to the neighboring communities and they claimed that the situation is under control (PRESS RELEASE, 2015). The gas supply of the company to TGU and Atlantic will be discontinued unless the pipes are repaired. The natural gas and the liquids of the natural gases are dangerous and are hazardous to the life of the people and the environment. The scent of rotten eggs comes out when there is a leakage in the pipeline. Moreover there is a hissing sound that can be heard from the leakage. There are some other visible implications like the burning of the vegetables on the ground or bubbles are seen in the water. It is seen that the company is not able to safeguard the welfare of the people. The trade practices of the company have more often put the people in danger due to the hazardous effects that the oil spills cause. These are some of the issues which create a hazard to the life of the people and the surrounding area. The people are required to follow certain regulations during the times of the emergencies. The safety measures that are issued for the people of the surrounding area are: The people are advised not to leave the area on foot or move about The cell phones or the landlines are not to be used unless the area is cleared and habitable People should not use match sticks or any substances which would cause sparks in the area as it can catch fire. The people should not use vehicles as well as not smoke in the area. Lastly they should not turn on or off any lights and contact a emergency hotline in case of need. Measures taken by the company to protect the environment Natural gas is considered to be the cleanest and the safest fossil fuel that can be burnt in the open atmosphere. It aims to reduce the commercial, transportation and industrial pollution. The gas gives out 30% less carbon dioxide than the crude oils. If the natural gases are used widely in the society, then there will be an increase in the efficiency of the nation and will reduce the impact on the environment (Tokyo-gas.co.jp, 2015). NGC always maintains a right standard for the people and the country at large. They provide safe distribution and transmission of natural gas. The pipelines of the company are installed, maintained, operated and also repaired at a regular basis according to the international standards. The pipelines of the company are located in places which are marked as Rights of Way and are bordered by yellow posts. These posts are laid so that there are no encroachments due to agriculture or road constructions. These are monitored on a regular basis so as to detect any leaks or cases of soil erosions (Ngcenergy.com, 2015). The company has a Oil Spill Contingency Plan to control the hydro carbon release in the atmosphere in case of oil spills. There are often oil spills in the area of south-east coast marine, thus the area is protected by the Contingency plans. NGC has waste management programmes so as to reduce, prevent, recover and recycle the wastes. Moreover pre-treatment as well as disposals of the wastes also takes place. The company regularly removes the wastes from the pipelines after a particular project. An example of this can be seen from the fact that waste oils were collected from the offshore platforms and were used for the deep well injections It is known to everyone that the natural gases are colorless as well as odorless thus cannot be detected in the atmosphere if there is any leakage. Thus the company has taken a step to combat that problem. They have started to use Mercaptan, a chemical which is harmless and smells like rotten eggs thus the people are alerted if there is any leakage of the gas. Conclusion and recommendations Thus from the following information of the company it can be concluded that the company looks after its corporate governance very well so as to abide by the rules and regulations of the company as well as the country (NGC- ANNUAL REPORT 2013, 2014). Though the company often faces troubles from the neighboring areas for their businesses but it has tried to maintain the standards of the life of the people. the company has initiated several programmes so that it can safeguard the rights of the employees of the organization as well as the people of the community (REPUBLIC OF TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO, 2015). Through the CSI the company has tried to develop the lives of the people, and by funding in the countrys capitals the company has raised the standards of the people to a great extent. Moreover the company was successful in creating a sustainable environment by abiding to the laws of the land as well as the company. References Beauchamp, T., Bowie, N. (1993).Ethical theory and business. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall. Bessembinder, H., Maxwell, W., Venkataraman, K. Market Transparency and Institutional Trading Costs.SSRN Journal. doi:10.2139/ssrn.644624 BNamericas,. (2015).NGC (The National Gas Company of Trinidad and Tobago Ltd.) | Trinidad Tobago | Company Information Profile | Contacts - BNamericas. Retrieved 12 March 2015, from https://www.bnamericas.com/company-profile/en/the-national-gas-company-of-trinidad-and-tobago-ltd-ngc Board of Directors. (2015) (1st ed.). Retrieved from https://ngc.co.tt/about/governance/board-of-directors/ Company Profile. (2015) (1st ed.). Retrieved from https://ngc.co.tt/about/ Corporate Governance Principles and Recommendations. (2015) (3rd ed.). Retrieved from https://www.asx.com.au/documents/asx-compliance/cgc-principles-and-recommendations-3rd-edn.pdf Corporate Governance Principles and Recommendations with 2010 Amendments. (2015) (2nd ed.). Retrieved from https://www.asx.com.au/documents/asx-compliance/cg_principles_recommendations_with_2010_amendments.pdf Energy Chamber of Trinidad and Tobago. (2013) (1st ed.). Retrieved from https://www.energy.tt/downloads/CorpGov/EC01%20Legislative%20Guide.pdf Goldman, S. (2008).Temptations in the office. Westport, Conn.: Praeger. NGC- ANNUAL REPORT 2013. (2014) (1st ed.). Retrieved from https://ngc.co.tt/wp-content/uploads/pdf/annual-reports/2013_NGC_ANNUAL_REPORT.pdf NGC,. (2015).Corporate Social Investment. Retrieved 12 March 2015, from https://ngc.co.tt/corporate-social-investment/ NGC,. (2015).Governance. Retrieved 12 March 2015, from https://ngc.co.tt/about/governance/ Ngcenergy.com,. (2015).Safety. Retrieved 12 March 2015, from https://www.ngcenergy.com/malaysia/AboutUs/Safety.aspx PRESS RELEASE. (2015) (1st ed.). Retrieved from https://ngc.co.tt/wp-content/uploads/2014/11/ngc-press-release-56-inch-cross-island-pipeline-nov-26-2014.pdf REPUBLIC OF TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO. (2015) (1st ed.). Retrieved from https://www.clfhcuenquiry.org/10thStatements/Ewart%20Williams%20Witness%20Statement%20and%20Exhibits.pdf Tokyo-gas.co.jp,. (2015).TOKYO GAS : Corporate Social Responsibility / Measures Taken against Environmental Risks. Retrieved 12 March 2015, from https://www.tokyo-gas.co.jp/csr/report_e/5_environment/management3.html